Glossary
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Data Capture (a/k/a Draft Capture): The collection, formatting and storage of information in computer memory. Some point-of-sale terminals perform data capture functions. See EDC Terminal.
Data Encryption Algorithm (DEA OR 3DEA): The cryptographic algorithm as defined in ANS X3.92-1987, Data Encryption Algorithm and updated in ANS X9.52-1998, Triple Data Encryption Algorithm Modes of Operation. It is the only cryptographic method approved for use in the STAR Network for PIN and key Encryption.
Data Encryption Key (DEK): Used for the encryption of message text and for the computation of message integrity checks (signatures).
Data Encryption Standard (DES): The NIST Federal Information Processing Publication (FIPS Pub. 46) standard which defines the use of the Data Encryption Algorithm. The cryptographic method used by the STAR Network for data Encryption.
Database: A collection of data organized and designed for easy access, e.g., a collection of customer names and addresses.
Debit: A charge to a customer's bankcard account.
Debit Card: Any card that primarily accesses a Deposit Account.
Debit Transaction: A bankcard used to purchase goods and services and to obtain cash, which debits the cardholder's personal deposit account.
Decline OR Declined: The denial of an Authorization Request by, or on behalf of, an Issuer Member.
Decryption: The process of changing data (usually the PIN block) from cipher text to clear text.
Demand Deposit Account (DDA): Usually abbreviated as DDA, it refers to the merchant bank account First Data credits or debits for deposits, fees and adjustments.
Deposit Account: An Access Account, other than a Credit Account, maintained by a Member for processing transactions. Deposit Accounts include checking, NOW, savings, share draft, and such other depository accounts as are legal under Applicable Law.
Deposit Credit: See Credit Deposit.
Deposit Processing Day: The period during which a Member processes deposits made on a given Business Day pursuant to these Rules. That period may occur on a single Business Day or may begin on one Business Day and end on a second Business Day.
Deposit Service: The deposit of currency and other eligible items at a STAR ATM for credit to an Access Account of a STAR Cardholder maintained with an Issuer Member, and processing, Settlement and Adjustment with respect to such deposits, as provided for in these Rules.
Depository Financial Institution: A financial institution that:
A. Is authorized by law to accept deposits;
B. Is eligible for Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation (FDIC) or National Credit Union Share Insurance Fund (NCUSIF) insurance; and
C. Is insured by the FDIC or the NCUSIF; or If not federally insured, has funded an account as security against the unwillingness or inability of the financial institution to meet its obligations under these Rules, in an amount and form determined by STAR.
Dial-Up Line: A communications medium described as a non-dedicated telephone line, in which a connection is established by dialing a destination number and broken when the call is complete. This is the same type of phone line that you use at home.
Dial-Up Terminal: An authorization terminal that (like a telephone) dials the authorization center for validation of transactions.
Digital Certificate: An electronic message that at least (i) identifies the Certificate Authority issuing it, (ii) names or identifies a STAR Account Holder, (iii) contains the STAR Account Holder's Public Key, (iv) identifies its operational period, and (v) is digitally signed by the Certificate Authority issuing it. Digital Certificates may be used as Authentication Tokens in eSign Authentication Program and Retail ID Authentication Program Authentication.
Digital Signature: A transformation of an electronic message using an asymmetric cryptosystem and a hash function such that a person receiving the initial message and a STAR Account Holder's Public Key can accurately determine:
• Whether the transformation was created using the Private Key that corresponds to the STAR Account Holder’s Public Key; and
• Whether the initial message has been altered since the transformation was made.
Direct Marketing: A transaction category for providing customized services and procedures for merchants which offer merchandise or services via catalogs, telephone calls, mailings and/or advertisements.
Direct Payment: A method of collection used in the ACH network for certain claims, generally those that are repeated over a period of time, under which the debtor gives the originator a standing authorization to debit his or her account.
Data Encryption Algorithm (DEA OR 3DEA): The cryptographic algorithm as defined in ANS X3.92-1987, Data Encryption Algorithm and updated in ANS X9.52-1998, Triple Data Encryption Algorithm Modes of Operation. It is the only cryptographic method approved for use in the STAR Network for PIN and key Encryption.
Data Encryption Key (DEK): Used for the encryption of message text and for the computation of message integrity checks (signatures).
Data Encryption Standard (DES): The NIST Federal Information Processing Publication (FIPS Pub. 46) standard which defines the use of the Data Encryption Algorithm. The cryptographic method used by the STAR Network for data Encryption.
Database: A collection of data organized and designed for easy access, e.g., a collection of customer names and addresses.
Debit: A charge to a customer's bankcard account.
Debit Card: Any card that primarily accesses a Deposit Account.
Debit Transaction: A bankcard used to purchase goods and services and to obtain cash, which debits the cardholder's personal deposit account.
Decline OR Declined: The denial of an Authorization Request by, or on behalf of, an Issuer Member.
Decryption: The process of changing data (usually the PIN block) from cipher text to clear text.
Demand Deposit Account (DDA): Usually abbreviated as DDA, it refers to the merchant bank account First Data credits or debits for deposits, fees and adjustments.
Deposit Account: An Access Account, other than a Credit Account, maintained by a Member for processing transactions. Deposit Accounts include checking, NOW, savings, share draft, and such other depository accounts as are legal under Applicable Law.
Deposit Credit: See Credit Deposit.
Deposit Processing Day: The period during which a Member processes deposits made on a given Business Day pursuant to these Rules. That period may occur on a single Business Day or may begin on one Business Day and end on a second Business Day.
Deposit Service: The deposit of currency and other eligible items at a STAR ATM for credit to an Access Account of a STAR Cardholder maintained with an Issuer Member, and processing, Settlement and Adjustment with respect to such deposits, as provided for in these Rules.
Depository Financial Institution: A financial institution that:
A. Is authorized by law to accept deposits;
B. Is eligible for Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation (FDIC) or National Credit Union Share Insurance Fund (NCUSIF) insurance; and
C. Is insured by the FDIC or the NCUSIF; or If not federally insured, has funded an account as security against the unwillingness or inability of the financial institution to meet its obligations under these Rules, in an amount and form determined by STAR.
Dial-Up Line: A communications medium described as a non-dedicated telephone line, in which a connection is established by dialing a destination number and broken when the call is complete. This is the same type of phone line that you use at home.
Dial-Up Terminal: An authorization terminal that (like a telephone) dials the authorization center for validation of transactions.
Digital Certificate: An electronic message that at least (i) identifies the Certificate Authority issuing it, (ii) names or identifies a STAR Account Holder, (iii) contains the STAR Account Holder's Public Key, (iv) identifies its operational period, and (v) is digitally signed by the Certificate Authority issuing it. Digital Certificates may be used as Authentication Tokens in eSign Authentication Program and Retail ID Authentication Program Authentication.
Digital Signature: A transformation of an electronic message using an asymmetric cryptosystem and a hash function such that a person receiving the initial message and a STAR Account Holder's Public Key can accurately determine:
• Whether the transformation was created using the Private Key that corresponds to the STAR Account Holder’s Public Key; and
• Whether the initial message has been altered since the transformation was made.
Direct Marketing: A transaction category for providing customized services and procedures for merchants which offer merchandise or services via catalogs, telephone calls, mailings and/or advertisements.
Direct Payment: A method of collection used in the ACH network for certain claims, generally those that are repeated over a period of time, under which the debtor gives the originator a standing authorization to debit his or her account.
Direct Processor: A Processor whose telecommunications connection goes from the Processor’s mainframe or front-end computer directly to the STAR Switch.
Disclosure: The information required by federal or state law to be relayed to the cardholder concerning the terms of the credit agreement. Disclosure must be made by the issuer before the first use of the card by the cardholder, and must subsequently be included on all monthly statements and other documentation mentioning finance charges.
Discount Rate: An amount charged a merchant for processing its daily credit card transactions.
Doing Business As (DBA): Refers to the specific name and location of the merchant establishment where credit card purchases are made.
Domain Name System (DNS): A general-purpose data query service whose principal use is the lookup of host addresses based on host names. Important domains are .com (commercial), .edu (educational), .net (network), .gov (U.S. government), .mil (U.S. military) and .org (organization).
Down Time: A period when all or part of a system or network is not available to end users due to failure or maintenance.
Dual Control: A process of utilizing two or more separate entities (usually persons), operating in concert, to protect sensitive functions or information (i.e., cryptographic key) whereby no single entity is able to access or utilize the functions or information.
Duality: The membership of a financial institution in both MasterCard and VISA. Legality outside of the U.S. varies according to nation.